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    Rhubarb (大黄)
    • Drains heat and purges accumulations - high fever, profuse sweating, thirst, constipation, abdominal distention and pain, delirium, yellow tongue coating, full pulse which indicates intestinal heat excess or yang ming stage illness.
    • Drains heat from the blood - blood in the stool from bleeding hemorrhoids or heat in the intestine; vomting blood or nosebleed accompanied by constipation; painful eyes or fire toxin sores due to heat in the blood level.
    • Drains damp-heat via the stool - jaundice, dysentery, lin syndrome.
    • Invigorates the blood and dispels blood stasis - amenorrhea, abdominal masses, fixed pain due to blood stasis (recent and long-term blood stasis).
    • Clears heat and reduces fire toxicity - for burns, hot skin.



    大黄是多种蓼科大黄属的多年生植物的合称,也是中药材的名称。在中国地区的文献里,“大黄”指的往往是马蹄大黄。在中国,大黄主要作药用,但在欧洲及中东,他们的大黄往往指另外几个作食用的大黄属品种,茎红色。气清香,味苦而微涩,嚼之粘牙,有砂粒感。秋末茎叶枯萎或次春发芽前采挖。除去细根,刮去外皮,切瓣或段,绳穿成串干燥或直接干燥。中药大黄具有攻积滞、清湿热、泻火、凉血、祛瘀、解毒等功效。

    大黄是多年生高大草本。生于山地林缘或草坡,野生或栽培,根茎粗壮。茎直立,高2m左右,中空,光滑无毛。基生叶大,有粗壮的肉质长柄,约与叶片等长;叶片宽心形或近圆形,径达40cm以上,3-7掌状深裂,每裂片常再羽状分裂,上面流生乳头状小突起,下面有柔毛;茎生叶较小,有短柄;托叶鞘筒状,密生短柔毛。花序大圆锥状,顶生;花梗纤细,中下部有关节。花紫红色或带红紫色;花被片6,长约1.5mm,成2轮;雄蕊9;花柱3。瘦果有3棱,沿棱生翅,顶端微凹陷,基部近心形,暗褐色。花期6-7月,果期7-8月。

    性味:苦,寒。

    归经:胃经;大肠经;肝经;脾经

    科属分类:蓼科

    功效:攻积滞;清湿热;泻火;凉血;祛瘀;解毒

    主治:实热便秘;热结胸痞;湿热泻痢;黄疸;淋病;水肿腹满;小便不利;

    目赤;咽喉肿痛;口舌生疮;胃热呕吐;吐血;咯血;衄血;便血;尿血;蓄血;经闭;产后瘀滞腹痛;症瘕积聚;跌打损伤;热毒痈疡;丹毒;烫伤。

    用法用量:内服:煎汤,3-12克;泻下通便,宜后下,不可久煎;外用:适量,研末调敷或煎水洗、涂。煎液亦可作灌肠用。炒炭常用于凉血止血。

    注意:孕妇慎用。

    贮藏:置通风干燥处,防蛀。

    制剂:大黄流浸膏



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